European Journal of Radiology
Volume 61, Issue 1 , Pages 25-32 , January 2007

Liver imaging findings of Wilson's disease

Received 8 October 2006 ,Accepted 2 November 2006.

References 

  1. Lipscomb MF. Wilson's disease. In:  Kumar V,  Cotran RS,  Robbins SL editor. Basic pathology. 5th ed.. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1992;p. 557
  2. Ferenci P, Caca K, Loudianos G, et al. Diagnosis and phenotypic classification of Wilson disease. Liver Int. 2003;23(3):139–142
  3. ATP7b gene and Wilson's disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;19(3):343
  4. Ferenci P. Pathophysiology and clinical features of Wilson disease. Metab Brain Dis. 2004;19(3–4):229–239
  5. Akhan O, Akpinar E, Oto A, et al. Unusual imaging findings in Wilson's disease. Eur Radiol. 2002;12(Suppl. 3):S66–S69
  6. Mergo PJ, Ros PR, Buetow PC, Buck JL. Diffuse disease of the liver: radiologic–pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 1994;14(6):1291–1307
  7. Bearn AG. Genetic and biochemical aspects of Wilson's disease. Am J Med. 1953;15(4):442–449
  8. Bearn AG. A genetical analysis of thirty families with Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration). Ann Hum Genet. 1960;24:33–43
  9. Zucker S, Gollan JL. Wilson's disease and hepatic copper toxicosis. In:  Zakim L,  Boyer TD editor. Hepatology: a text book of liver disease. 3rd ed.. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1996;p. 1405–1439
  10. Frydman M, Bonne-Tamir B, Farrer LA, et al. Assignment of the gene for Wilson disease to chromosome 13: linkage to the esterase D locus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985;82(6):1819–1821
  11. Gheorghe L, Popescu I, Iacob S, et al. Wilson's disease: a challenge of diagnosis. The 5-year experience of a tertiary centre. Rom J Gastroenterol. 2004;13(3):179–185
  12. Roberts EA, Schilsky ML. A practice guideline on Wilson disease. Hepatology. 2003;37(6):1475–1492
  13. Vrabelova S, Letocha O, Borsky M, Kozak L. Mutation analysis of the ATP7B gene and genotype/phenotype correlation in 227 patients with Wilson disease. Mol Genet Metab. 2005;86(1–2):277–285
  14. Panagiotakaki E, Tzetis M, Manolaki N, et al. Genotype–phenotype correlations for a wide spectrum of mutations in the Wilson disease gene (ATP7B). Am J Med Genet A. 2004;131(2):168–173
  15. Scheinberg IH, Sternlieb I. Wilson's disease. In:  Smith LH editors. Major problems in internal medicine. vol. 23:Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co.; 1984;p. 1–179
  16. Davies SE, Williams R, Portmann B. Hepatic morphology and histochemistry of Wilson's disease presenting as fulminant hepatic failure: a study of 11 cases. Histopathology. 1989;15(4):385–394
  17. Stromeyer FW, Ishak KG. Histology of the liver in Wilson's disease: a study of 34 cases. Am J Clin Pathol. 1980;73(1):12–24
  18. Harbin WP, Robert NJ, Ferrucci JT. Diagnosis of cirrhosis based on regional changes in hepatic morphology: a radiological and pathological analysis. Radiology. 1980;135(2):273–283
  19. Akpinar E. Liver imaging findings of Wilson's disease. Thesis. Ankara: Hacettepe University Press; 2003. p. 1–49.
  20. Erden A. The prognostic value of a rare sonographic pattern in Wilson's disease. A case report. Acta Radiol. 1998;39(2):179
  21. Zachoval R, Glaser C. Wilson's disease before and after 5 years of treatment with d-penicillamine. J Hepatol. 1998;29(3):489
  22. Cancado EL, Rocha Mde S, Barbosa ER, et al. Abdominal ultrasonography in hepatolenticular degeneration. A study of 33 patients. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 1987;45(2):131–136
  23. Corda R, Nurchi AM, Corrias A, et al. Importance and significance of liver echotomography in Wilson's disease during childhood. J Nucl Med Allied Sci. 1987;31(3):231–239
  24. Caprai S, Loudianos G, Massei F, et al. Direct diagnosis of Wilson disease by molecular genetics. J Pediatr. 2006;148(1):138–140
  25. Sanchez-Albisua I, Garde T, Hierro L, et al. A high index of suspicion: the key to an early diagnosis of Wilson's disease in childhood. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1999;28(2):186–190
  26. Gitlin JD. Wilson disease. Gastroenterology. 2003;125(6):1868–1877
  27. Vogel W, Kathrein H, Dietze O, Judmaier G. Sonography of the liver in Wilson's disease. Sonographic studies of the liver in Wilson's disease—significance for assessing prognosis?. Ultraschall Med. 1988;9(6):270–273
  28. Vogel W, Kathrein H, Dietze O, Judmaier G . Ultrasonography in Wilson disease [letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:769–770
  29. Vogl TJ, Steiner S, Hammerstingl R, et al. MRT of the liver in Wilson's disease. Rofo. 1994;160(1):40–45
  30. Chu WC, Leung TF, Chan KF, et al. Wilson's disease with chronic active hepatitis: monitoring by in vivo 31-phosphorus MR spectroscopy before and after medical treatment. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183(5):1339–1342
  31. Dixon AK, Walshe JM. Computed tomography of the liver in Wilson disease. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1984;8(1):46–49
  32. Ko S, Lee T, Ng S, Lin J, Cheng Y. Unusual liver MR findings of Wilson's disease in an asymptomatic 2-year-old girl. Abdom Imaging. 1998;23(1):56–59
  33. Iwadate H, Ohira H, Suzuki T, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with Wilson's disease. Intern Med. 2004;43(11):1042–1045
  34. Walshe JM, Waldenstrom E, Sams V, Nordlinder H, Westermark K. Abdominal malignancies in patients with Wilson's disease. QJM. 2003;96(9):657–662
  35. Lee HM, Lu DS, Krasny RM, et al. Hepatic lesion characterization in cirrhosis: significance of arterial hypervascularity on dual-phase helical CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1997;169(1):125–130
  36. Baron RL, Marsh W, Oliver JH, et al. Screening cirrhosis for hepatocellular carcinonam (HCC) with helical contrast CT: specificity [abstract]. Radiology. 1997;205P:143
  37. Khalili K, Lan FP, Hanbidge AE, et al. Hepatic subcapsular steatosis in response to intraperitoneal insulin delivery: CT findings and prevalence. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003;180(6):1601–1604
  38. Rosenfield N, Grand RJ, Watkins JB, Ballantine TV, Levey RH. Cholelithiasis and Wilson disease. J Pediatr. 1978;92(2):210–213
  39. Uno A, Ishida H, Konno K, et al. Portal hypertension in children and young adults: sonographic and color Doppler findings. Abdom Imaging. 1997;22(1):72–80

PII: S0720-048X(06)00446-3

doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2006.11.006

European Journal of Radiology
Volume 61, Issue 1 , Pages 25-32 , January 2007